Optical Phenomena

Discover the ideal conditions for spotting a lunar rainbow. This guide covers moon phases, dark adaptation, and location tips for night-time observers.

Discover the science of red sprites lightning, high-altitude electrical discharges that fire upward from severe thunderstorms into the mesosphere.

Learn how does St. Elmo's fire form through corona discharge, plasma science, and the point discharge effect in stormy weather.

Learn how does the aurora australis form through solar wind and magnetic field interaction. See how particles create glowing lights in the atmosphere.

Learn how does the aurora borealis form through the interaction of solar wind and the magnetosphere.

Learn how do mirages form through light bending and thermal inversions. Understand the science behind desert illusions and Arctic superior images.

See how rare cloud colors Australian weather signify storms, smoke and dust.